Fundamentals of a Computer

Components of a Computer :

• Input Unit :
  • Input unit consists input devices.
  • The devices which can be used by the users to give instructions/commands to the computer system are known as input devices.
  • Such devices are keyboard, mouse, scanner, mic, joystick, light pen etc. Read more
• Processing Unit :
  • The processing unit of a computer is CPU (Central Processing Unit)
  • CPU is considered as the brain of the computer.
  • It performs all types of data processing operations.
  • It controls and manages the operation of all parts of the computer.
  • CPU itself has following three components. :-
    
    1. ALU (Arithmatic & Logic Unit) : ALU consists of two sub-sections :-
       • Arithmetic section - It performs an arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
       • Logic section - It performs logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching, and merging of data.
    2. Control Unit : It is responsible for controlling the transfer of data and instructions among other units of a computer.
    3. Memory Unit : It can store instructions, data, and intermediate results. This unit supplies information to other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as internal storage unit or the main memory or the primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM). Read more about Memory of computer
• Output Unit :
  • Output unit consists output devices.
  • The devices which helps the computer system to provide result/output to the users are known as output devices.
  • Such devices are printer, monitor, projector, speaker etc. Read more